Antipsychotic Medications Overview for Pharmacy Techs

Typical vs Atypical Antipsychotics

Antipsychotics are divided into two generations. Typical (first-generation) antipsychotics include haloperidol (Haldol) and chlorpromazine (Thorazine). They primarily block dopamine D2 receptors and carry a higher risk of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) such as tardive dyskinesia.

Atypical (second-generation) antipsychotics include risperidone (Risperdal), quetiapine (Seroquel), olanzapine (Zyprexa), and aripiprazole (Abilify). These have a lower EPS risk but can cause metabolic side effects like weight gain and diabetes.

Important Side Effects

Clozapine (Clozaril) is unique because it requires regular blood monitoring due to the risk of agranulocytosis, a potentially fatal drop in white blood cells. This monitoring requirement is frequently tested on the PTCB exam.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare but life-threatening reaction to antipsychotics characterized by fever, rigidity, and altered mental status.

Prepare for the Exam

Review antipsychotic medications and their monitoring requirements with our flashcards. Test your understanding with PTCB mini exams.