Amphetamine Salts Drug Review: PTCB Exam Guide
Study amphetamine salts for the PTCB exam. Covers Adderall, Schedule II classification, ADHD treatment, dosing, controlled substance handling rules.
Amphetamine Salts Overview
Mixed amphetamine salts, commonly known by the brand name Adderall, are among the most prescribed Schedule II controlled substances in the United States. Understanding this medication's classification, handling requirements, and clinical profile is essential for the PTCB certification exam.
Brand Names and Formulations
- Adderall: Immediate-release (IR) tablets containing a mixture of amphetamine and dextroamphetamine salts
- Adderall XR: Extended-release capsules for once-daily dosing
- Mydayis: Extended-release capsules with three-bead formulation for longer duration
Drug Classification
Amphetamine salts are classified as CNS stimulants and are DEA Schedule II controlled substances. This is the highest schedule with accepted medical use and means the drug has a high potential for abuse and dependence. Schedule II classification carries specific handling requirements that are heavily tested on the PTCB exam.
Mechanism of Action
Amphetamine salts increase the release and block the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine in the central nervous system. The increased availability of these neurotransmitters improves attention, focus, and impulse control in patients with ADHD.
Common Indications
- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): Primary indication in children (6+) and adults
- Narcolepsy: Treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness
Dosing Information
Adderall IR is available in 5 mg, 7.5 mg, 10 mg, 12.5 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, and 30 mg tablets. Adderall XR is available in 5 mg through 30 mg capsules. Typical starting doses for ADHD in children are 5 mg once or twice daily for IR, titrated based on response. Adults typically start at 20 mg daily for XR.
Schedule II Handling Requirements
These rules are critical for the PTCB exam:
- No refills allowed: A new prescription is required each time
- Must be kept in a locked, secure area: DEA-compliant storage required
- Perpetual inventory: Each transaction must be documented
- DEA Form 222: Required for ordering from suppliers
- Biennial inventory: Physical count required every 2 years
- Prescription must include prescriber's DEA number
Side Effects
- Decreased appetite and weight loss: Very common, especially in children
- Insomnia: Avoid late-day dosing
- Increased heart rate and blood pressure: Cardiovascular monitoring recommended
- Nervousness and irritability: Dose-related
- Growth suppression: Concern with long-term use in children
PTCB Exam Tips
Key facts: Adderall is Schedule II, no refills are allowed, it requires a DEA number on the prescription, it must be stored in a locked area, and ordered with DEA Form 222. Know all Schedule II handling rules thoroughly.
Practice controlled substance questions at PTCBprep and review at our flashcards.
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