Adult Values
Adults typically have a heart rate of 60 to 100, respirations of 12 to 20, and systolic blood pressure of 90 to 140 mmHg. Skin should be warm, pink, and dry, with capillary refill under 2 seconds.
Pediatric Values
Infants have a heart rate of about 100 to 160 and respiratory rate of 30 to 60. Toddlers have a heart rate of 90 to 150 and respirations of 24 to 40. School-age children have a heart rate of 70 to 120 and respirations of 18 to 30. Minimum systolic pressure in children over one year is roughly 70 plus twice the age in years.
Using the Numbers
Trends matter more than a single reading. Take at least two sets of vitals, and compare them with the patient's presentation. A normal blood pressure does not exclude shock, especially in children who compensate until late.