Why It Matters
Hypoglycemia can mimic stroke, intoxication, seizure, and psychiatric illness, and it can cause permanent brain injury if untreated. A fingerstick takes seconds and can change the entire treatment plan.
Interpreting Results
Normal fasting glucose is around 70 to 100 mg/dL. Values below 60 to 70 mg/dL with symptoms indicate hypoglycemia. Very high readings with fruity breath, deep rapid breathing, and dehydration may suggest diabetic ketoacidosis.
Treatment
If the patient is awake and able to swallow, give oral glucose. Do not give anything by mouth to patients who cannot protect their airway. Reassess mental status and recheck glucose after treatment, and transport patients who do not improve.