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Cardiology

Cardiac Arrest: High-Quality CPR Essentials

Review compression depth, rate, recoil, and minimizing interruptions to improve survival.

April 22, 2025

Compression Standards

Compress at 100 to 120 per minute to a depth of at least 2 inches (5 cm) in adults, but not more than 2.4 inches. Allow full chest recoil between compressions. Switch compressors every 2 minutes to prevent fatigue.

Minimizing Interruptions

Keep the compression fraction above 80 percent whenever possible. Pre-charge the defibrillator during compressions and pause only briefly for rhythm checks. Resume compressions immediately after a shock.

Ventilation and Advanced Care

Provide one breath every 6 seconds with an advanced airway, avoiding hyperventilation. Early defibrillation is critical for shockable rhythms, and epinephrine is given every 3 to 5 minutes. Treat reversible causes known as the Hs and Ts.

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