Solid Organs
The liver and spleen are the most commonly injured solid organs in blunt trauma. Because they are highly vascular, injuries can cause rapid blood loss. Left shoulder pain, known as Kehr's sign, may suggest splenic injury.
Hollow Organs
Stomach, intestines, and bladder injuries spill contents and cause peritonitis. Symptoms may develop slowly with pain, rigidity, and guarding. Seat belt marks should raise suspicion of intestinal and lumbar spine injury.
Prehospital Care
Do not push eviscerated organs back in. Cover them with a moist sterile dressing and an occlusive covering. Treat for shock, minimize scene time, and transport to a trauma center.